The recession forced many small manufacturers to adapt to survive, especially in the industrial Midwest. In Michigan, a yacht-building company started a new venture in the wind-energy industry to keep its factory open.

In 2005 and 2006, Tiara Yachts was operating at full capacity, turning out about 400 yachts per year, with most of them going for around $1 million each. To keep up with demand, the company nearly doubled its manufacturing space in Holland, Mich.

A Fateful Decision To Expand

But Tiara Yachts Human Resource Director Steve Busch says the timing could not have been worse.

“As the whole economy started to suffer in the Michigan, and in the nation and in the world, the Tiara Yachts economy started to suffer, as well.”

The boat market was hit hard, and Tiara Yachts had to lay off roughly half its workforce.

But now, the largest structure inside the company’s newly expanded warehouse is a mold for a 150-foot-long wind turbine blade. The blade mold belongs to Energetx Composites, a new company spun off from Tiara Yachts. Busch says the new company is now making parts for wind turbines.

“Specifically, wind blades and nacelle structures and spinner caps are all made from advanced composites — from fiberglass, from laminates, from carbon fibers,” he says.

Engineers who work with this material are always looking to make it both stronger and lighter. Bucsh says that’s what Tiara Yachts has been doing, too.

“We want a strong boat hull, we want a strong deck assembly, and we want to decrease the weight of those, for marine efficiency,” he says. “So, marine engineering and aerospace engineering in that application are very, very similar.”

Challenges In U.S. Wind Market

The wind energy industry in the United States isn’t growing nearly as fast as Tiara Yachts had hoped.

Per Krogsgaard has been involved in wind energy for more than three decades. Speaking from Denmark, he says there’s a huge market for large-scale-wind farms in the United States, but it’s a market that’s hard to crack.

“All the years I’ve been in this industry we have seen the market in the U.S. as a boom and bust market,” he says. “It is a very, very bad situation for everybody … committed to the wind industry.”

The federal government provides wind energy developers with far fewer tax subsidies than it does to traditional energy producers like oil and gas. Krogsgaard notes that the wind industry is still relatively new in the United States. And because there’s no national policy, investors have to work through regulations in 36 states, each with their own renewable energy standards.

Krogsgaard says the hardest part of getting into the wind power industry is figuring out how to fit into its supercomplicated supply chain.

“But of course, everybody who has the willingness to make themselves attractive to the industry — they should try,” he says. “Of course they should.”

Workers Find Themselves In New Industry

Energetx Composites has a contract to sell its blades and parts to a wind turbine manufacturer. Now some of the company’s workers are adapting from making complicated boats to producing complicated wind turbine parts.

Nancy Jones has been making boats at Tiara Yachts for 32 years.

“There are a lot of same techniques, but there are a lot of things that are done different. And it is, you know, it’s a learning curve,” she says. “I want to work, and I’ll work wherever I’m needed.”

On the yacht side of the business, the market is stabilizing a bit. But on the wind side of the business, the outlook is better: Energetx will have enough work next year to go from about 40 employees to 300.

Copyright 2011 Michigan Radio. To see more, visit http://michiganradio.org/.