News outlets have reported spikes in hate crimes since Donald Trump’s election. Reports of threatening racist and xenophobic language on social media have also appeared.

These trends, along with with Trump’s campaign rhetoric on immigration, have given pause, not only to migrant workers, but to highly skilled and educated foreign students and job seekers, according to Juan Cole, professor of history at the University of Michigan.

Cole publishes the blog Informed Comment. His most recent book is The New Arabs: How the Millennial Generation is Changing the Middle East.

We spoke with Cole about how a Trump presidency could have a lasting impact on foreign employment and the American economy.